人們把只能(neng)(neng)傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)通信(xin)信(xin)號而不具(ju)備任何其他(ta)輔助(zhu)功能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，稱之(zhi)為(wei)傳統產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，而把還具(ju)備特(te)(te)(te)殊(shu)(shu)輔助(zhu)功能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，稱之(zhi)為(wei)特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)是一(yi)系(xi)列具(ju)有(you)獨特(te)(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)和(he)(he)特(te)(te)(te)殊(shu)(shu)結(jie)構的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，相當于量大面(mian)廣的(de)(de)(de)普通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)而言，具(ju)有(you)技術(shu)含量較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)、使用(yong)(yong)條件較(jiao)(jiao)嚴格(ge)、批量較(jiao)(jiao)小、附加(jia)值較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)點。往往采(cai)用(yong)(yong)新材料(liao)、新結(jie)構、新工藝和(he)(he)新的(de)(de)(de)設計(ji)(ji)計(ji)(ji)算。例如具(ju)有(you)“防(fang)…”和(he)(he)“耐…”的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)以及一(yi)些專用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)，就是典型的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)。特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)由于其使用(yong)(yong)場(chang)(chang)合的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)殊(shu)(shu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，對其性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)較(jiao)(jiao)常(chang)規電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)有(you)著特(te)(te)(te)殊(shu)(shu)要求(qiu)，如：高(gao)溫(wen)、低溫(wen)、縱向或(huo)徑向壓(ya)力密封(feng)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(氣或(huo)水)、紫外線(xian)(xian)、臭氧、潤滑或(huo)燃料(liao)油、特(te)(te)(te)種(zhong)熔劑、彎曲(qu)、曲(qu)撓(nao)、抗拉、抗壓(ya)、強(qiang)(qiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)強(qiang)(qiang)磁場(chang)(chang)干(gan)擾(rao)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)暈、輻射、阻燃、耐火等。

　　阻燃(ran)： 在規(gui)定的(de)試驗條件下，試樣被燃(ran)燒，火源(yuan)撤出后具有阻止和(he)(he)蔓延(yan)自行熄滅的(de)特性，即(ji)具有阻止和(he)(he)延(yan)緩火焰發生或蔓延(yan)的(de)能力，為消防工作和(he)(he)人們的(de)逃離帶來了寶貴的(de)時間。

　　耐火： 在規定的(de)(de)火源和時間下(xia)(xia)燃燒(shao)時，能(neng)持續低在指定狀態下(xia)(xia)運行的(de)(de)能(neng)力，即保(bao)持線路(lu)完整(zheng)性的(de)(de)能(neng)力。

    無(wu)鹵，低(di)(di)煙：不含(han)鹵素，燃燒產物的腐蝕性較(jiao)(jiao)低(di)(di)，燃燒時產生的煙塵(chen)較(jiao)(jiao)少，即透光率(能見度)較(jiao)(jiao)高。

    從當(dang)今整個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展水平來看，存在(zai)(zai)著行業(ye)(ye)(ye)集中度(du)低(di)、技術力(li)量分散、產品科技含量不高、供(gong)過于求(qiu)的(de)(de)問題。據有關部門(men)統計，全國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)只(zhi)有極少(shao)數(shu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)年銷售(shou)額能(neng)(neng)達到20億元以上，極少(shao)數(shu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)品牌能(neng)(neng)在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)際上獲得認可(ke)或具有較高知(zhi)名度(du)。其中制(zhi)(zhi)造特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)需(xu)要的(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)種材料(liao)仍(reng)需(xu)進口。尤其重大工程(cheng)的(de)(de)核(he)心設備(bei)需(xu)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)種配(pei)套電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)時只(zhi)能(neng)(neng)依賴于進口特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)種材料(liao)依賴進口已成為制(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)線(xian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)瓶頸。未(wei)來幾(ji)年，隨著鐵路、風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、石化、冶(ye)金、鋼(gang)鐵、船舶、航天、通信等需(xu)要特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)市場領域(yu)快速發(fa)(fa)(fa)展，以及環保、安全、節能(neng)(neng)等可(ke)持(chi)續發(fa)(fa)(fa)展觀(guan)念(nian)的(de)(de)深入貫徹，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)特(te)(te)(te)(te)(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)正(zheng)面臨良好(hao)的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展機遇。

    軍(jun)品市場方面，主要供(gong)給軍(jun)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位和企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，其中有(you)大(da)(da)(da)型(xing)軍(jun)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)，這(zhe)些(xie)(xie)單(dan)位和企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)肩負著國家高科技裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)的(de)科研和現(xian)代化裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)的(de)任(ren)務，其所需(xu)(xu)要的(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)大(da)(da)(da)多(duo)(duo)是耐高溫、重量輕的(de)含氟(fu)塑料產品，所需(xu)(xu)特(te)種電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)數量也在(zai)迅速擴大(da)(da)(da)，某(mou)些(xie)(xie)特(te)殊產品尚需(xu)(xu)進口。調研結果顯示，裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)某(mou)型(xing)導彈，僅(jin)特(te)種電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)就需(xu)(xu)要200km;裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)某(mou)些(xie)(xie)電(dian)子(zi)對抗車，需(xu)(xu)特(te)種屏蔽線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)多(duo)(duo)達300km。根據某(mou)一(yi)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)反映以及外部(bu)銷售信息收集，與該(gai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)有(you)業(ye)(ye)務往來的(de)軍(jun)品需(xu)(xu)求量多(duo)(duo)達45000km，但按該(gai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)目(mu)前的(de)設備(bei)(bei)、技術條件，該(gai)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)最多(duo)(duo)僅(jin)能(neng)滿足5000km，占需(xu)(xu)求量的(de)11%。

    民品市(shi)場(chang)面大而廣(guang)，主要涉及石(shi)油化(hua)工(gong)、冶金(jin)機(ji)械(xie)，地產(chan)(chan)(chan)建筑、信息(xi)通信、汽車艦船等(deng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)。建筑用(yong)線方面：90年(nian)代國外(wai)的高層建筑就(jiu)推廣(guang)采用(yong)含氟塑料的電(dian)線電(dian)纜。其(qi)目的是(shi)利用(yong)氟塑料耐高溫、不(bu)延燃等(deng)特性來防范火災隱患。近幾年(nian)來，國內(nei)興起的智能(neng)大樓中也有不(bu)少采用(yong)雙層阻燃耐高溫(150℃及以上)的電(dian)線電(dian)纜，目的也是(shi)防止不(bu)安全事故產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)。因建筑用(yong)線品種(zhong)繁多，用(yong)途廣(guang)泛(fan)，市(shi)場(chang)容量是(shi)巨大的。

    石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)方面：根(gen)據上海(hai)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)工程設計(ji)(ji)研究所(suo)資料，石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)需(xu)(xu)求數量(liang)與石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)建設數量(liang)有直接(jie)關系。每座各類(lei)海(hai)上石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)用(yong)量(liang)是(shi)：自升式平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)150公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，半潛(qian)(qian)式平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)180公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，采油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)200公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，生產(chan)(chan)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)200公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，生活平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)100公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。據此估計(ji)(ji)，我國(guo)(guo)每年(nian)新(xin)建、維修海(hai)上石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)需(xu)(xu)要各類(lei)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)約8,000～10,000公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。預計(ji)(ji)到(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)將超過25000公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。僅就石(shi)油(you)開采項目來看，深井(jing)(jing)勘測電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、深井(jing)(jing)潛(qian)(qian)油(you)泵(beng)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)、加熱自控溫等多功(gong)能電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，據不完全統(tong)計(ji)(ji)，每年(nian)的(de)需(xu)(xu)求量(liang)約在(zai)15000km。如(ru)果加上沿海(hai)地區的(de)石(shi)油(you)勘測、鉆井(jing)(jing)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)，需(xu)(xu)求量(liang)也是(shi)不可估量(liang)的(de)。石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)供需(xu)(xu)缺口較大。目前我國(guo)(guo)石(shi)油(you)平(ping)臺(tai)(tai)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)已基本實(shi)現國(guo)(guo)產(chan)(chan)化，國(guo)(guo)內(nei)企業(ye)年(nian)產(chan)(chan)能約為8000～10000公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。按照目前國(guo)(guo)內(nei)產(chan)(chan)能和(he)需(xu)(xu)求增長比(bi)例(li)測算，預計(ji)(ji)到(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)供需(xu)(xu)缺口將達(da)到(dao)(dao)約10000公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)。

    海底(di)電纜需求量不斷(duan)增長中(zhong)

    隨(sui)著(zhu)目(mu)前全球(qiu)石(shi)(shi)油、天然(ran)氣(qi)能(neng)源(yuan)日益緊張，由陸(lu)地的(de)(de)開采開始大規模(mo)地轉向(xiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)領域(yu)，海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)石(shi)(shi)油、天然(ran)氣(qi)工程項(xiang)目(mu)規模(mo)不斷擴大，需要從(cong)陸(lu)地向(xiang)海(hai)(hai)(hai)上石(shi)(shi)油平臺(tai)(tai)、平臺(tai)(tai)與(yu)平臺(tai)(tai)之間進行電(dian)力、通(tong)訊的(de)(de)傳輸及技(ji)術(shu)數據(ju)的(de)(de)反饋(kui)、控制(zhi)，使(shi)綜合(he)海(hai)(hai)(hai)底電(dian)纜的(de)(de)需求量(liang)在(zai)不斷增長(chang)。根(gen)據(ju)我國石(shi)(shi)油發(fa)(fa)展規劃，我國海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)石(shi)(shi)油開發(fa)(fa)將迎來一個高(gao)速發(fa)(fa)展期，今后5年將有1200億元投資于海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋(yang)石(shi)(shi)油開發(fa)(fa)。

    預(yu)計(ji)2010～2020年(nian)間(jian)，石(shi)油平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)增(zeng)加速度將保(bao)持在8%~10%。我(wo)國石(shi)油平(ping)臺(tai)的(de)(de)(de)數量(liang)2008年(nian)約為250臺(tai)，每(mei)(mei)個(ge)既有(you)石(shi)油平(ping)臺(tai)每(mei)(mei)年(nian)需要維修用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)(di)(di)綜(zong)合(he)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)約10km。而每(mei)(mei)個(ge)新建石(shi)油平(ping)臺(tai)所需要的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)(di)(di)綜(zong)合(he)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)量(liang)約為40km。 除石(shi)油平(ping)臺(tai)需要大量(liang)采用(yong)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)(di)(di)綜(zong)合(he)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)外，我(wo)國對(dui)島(dao)嶼(yu)的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)利用(yong)對(dui)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)(di)(di)綜(zong)合(he)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)也不斷增(zeng)加，再加上海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上風力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)工(gong)程(cheng)項目對(dui)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)(di)(di)綜(zong)合(he)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)需求(qiu)，綜(zong)合(he)測算(suan)島(dao)嶼(yu)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)和海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)上風力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)對(dui)海(hai)(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)(di)(di)綜(zong)合(he)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)年(nian)需求(qiu)數量(liang)約為300公里。

    據測算，2010年我(wo)國海底綜合電(dian)纜的供(gong)需缺口(kou)在3000公(gong)里左(zuo)右(you)。而(er)我(wo)國目前能生產(chan)海底綜合電(dian)纜的企(qi)業(ye)僅有青島漢(han)纜，寧波東方、中天科技、上海電(dian)纜、湖(hu)北紅旗(qi)電(dian)纜等少數企(qi)業(ye)，年產(chan)能約(yue)為3500～4000公(gong)里。

    民(min)航(hang)方面：目(mu)前(qian)國內民(min)航(hang)事業(ye)蓬勃(bo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，據(ju)有關資(zi)料介紹，一架波音飛(fei)機(ji)的(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)用(yong)量不(bu)少(shao)于80km，其(qi)中機(ji)艙布線(xian)(xian)(xian)用(yong)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)不(bu)少(shao)于30km，而且絕大多數(shu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)采用(yong)的(de)是(shi)體積小、重量輕、耐高溫的(de)輻(fu)照交(jiao)(jiao)聯或硅(gui)烷交(jiao)(jiao)聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。國防(fang)兵(bing)器推陳出(chu)新，民(min)航(hang)事業(ye)蓬勃(bo)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)形勢(shi)，對(dui)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)急劇上升。據(ju)了解某(mou)一飛(fei)機(ji)制造公司2003年(nian)出(chu)口任務(wu)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)導線(xian)(xian)(xian)達6000km，因質量和交(jiao)(jiao)貨期等原(yuan)因還需(xu)要進口線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)。去年(nian)和今(jin)年(nian)空(kong)軍、兵(bing)器、航(hang)修等行業(ye)已出(chu)現旺盛需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)勢(shi)頭，今(jin)后對(dui)線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)(qiu)也是(shi)不(bu)可忽視的(de)。就線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)行業(ye)開(kai)看，目(mu)前(qian)能生產特種(zhong)線(xian)(xian)(xian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)、品種(zhong)齊(qi)全的(de)、具有一定規模(mo)的(de)企業(ye)為數(shu)不(bu)多，特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)市場前(qian)景十分廣闊(kuo)，此時正是(shi)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)特種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)極好機(ji)遇(yu)。

    高溫超導輸電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)纜市(shi)場(chang)前景廣闊

    預(yu)計(ji)到2020年世(shi)界整個(ge)超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)應用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)總市(shi)場(chang)將達2440億(yi)(yi)美元，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜約占(zhan)5%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)份額(e)。 高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜作為(wei)特(te)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要組成部分(fen)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)極強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命力，供(gong)不(bu)應求(qiu)，我國每年從國外進口(kou)約二十億(yi)(yi)元用于(yu)(yu)(yu)國內(nei)建設。由于(yu)(yu)(yu)采(cai)用具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)很(hen)高(gao)傳輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流密度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)材料作為(wei)導(dao)(dao)體和(he)采(cai)用液態(tai)氮作為(wei)冷卻介質，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)體積小、重量輕、損耗(hao)低、無火災(zai)隱患(huan)等優點，常規電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳輸損耗(hao)約占(zhan)傳輸功率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)7%，而高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳輸損耗(hao)僅占(zhan) 0.5%，若考慮到制冷消(xiao)耗(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)量，則最終節能(neng)(neng)在(zai)60%以(yi)上(shang)(shang);在(zai)重量、尺寸相同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，與常規電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜相比(bi)，高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容量可提高(gao)3至5倍、損耗(hao)下降60%，重量可降低80%以(yi)上(shang)(shang)，它適用于(yu)(yu)(yu)短距離(li)傳輸較大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場(chang)合(he)，如(ru)城市(shi)中心配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鍍、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解工業、發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠和(he)變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜行業長(chang)期以(yi)來處(chu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)惡性(xing)競(jing)爭(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀態(tai)之(zhi)中，超(chao)(chao)導(dao)(dao)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜企業超(chao)(chao)越競(jing)爭(zheng)對(dui)手的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一次機(ji)會，其發(fa)展如(ru)何將取決于(yu)(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸納能(neng)(neng)力。

    超(chao)(chao)(chao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜在(zai)短(duan)距離(li)傳輸大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)場(chang)合(如(ru)(ru)城市中心配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠和變電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站)具有(you)廣闊的(de)(de)應用(yong)前景(jing)，其經濟效益(yi)十分可觀。用(yong)超(chao)(chao)(chao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜改(gai)裝現(xian)有(you)地下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜系(xi)統，總(zong)(zong)費(fei)用(yong)可降低20%。因此，在(zai)城市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網設施(shi)的(de)(de)改(gai)造及(ji)增(zeng)(zeng)容過程中，超(chao)(chao)(chao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜由于其所具有(you)的(de)(de)優越性(xing)，是(shi)常(chang)規電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜很好的(de)(de)替代產品。根(gen)據(ju)統計(ji)資料(liao)，我國(guo)10kV及(ji)以上交聯聚乙(yi)烯絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)年需(xu)求(qiu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)約為7萬～8萬公里，假如(ru)(ru)其總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)5%被超(chao)(chao)(chao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜所取代，則(ze)超(chao)(chao)(chao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜每年的(de)(de)潛(qian)在(zai)需(xu)求(qiu)總(zong)(zong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)將會達(da)到(dao)3500～4000公里。以平(ping)均每公里200萬元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)計(ji)算(suan)，潛(qian)在(zai)市場(chang)為80億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。如(ru)(ru)果以每年7.5%的(de)(de)速度(du)增(zeng)(zeng)加，則(ze)2012年的(de)(de)潛(qian)在(zai)市場(chang)將達(da)到(dao)180億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。如(ru)(ru)果產品的(de)(de)市場(chang)占(zhan)有(you)率達(da)到(dao)10%，則(ze)年產值可以達(da)到(dao)約為18億元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。預計(ji)2012年全(quan)球超(chao)(chao)(chao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)市場(chang)約為17億美元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

    目前我(wo)國(guo)(guo)高(gao)溫(wen)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)研制技術(shu)水平(ping)遠遠不(bu)能(neng)滿足新市場(chang)需求，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)這(zhe)方面的(de)技術(shu)遠落(luo)后于國(guo)(guo)外(wai)先進國(guo)(guo)家(jia)，近(jin)一(yi)(yi)半的(de)高(gao)溫(wen)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)需從國(guo)(guo)外(wai)進口，而國(guo)(guo)內(nei)有(you)(you)些生(sheng)產廠(chang)多集中于一(yi)(yi)些小廠(chang)，技術(shu)研制和(he)生(sheng)產能(neng)力(li)較弱，特別是生(sheng)產加工仍(reng)局限于電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)現有(you)(you)設備和(he)工裝，材(cai)料的(de)開(kai)(kai)發也沒能(neng)突破現有(you)(you)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan) 料的(de)圈(quan)子。希望國(guo)(guo)內(nei)有(you)(you)能(neng)力(li)開(kai)(kai)發高(gao)溫(wen)特種電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)廠(chang)家(jia)能(neng)夠審時度(du)勢，針對(dui)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)資源情況，開(kai)(kai)發推廣(guang)高(gao)溫(wen)系(xi)列電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)(lan)，提高(gao)我(wo)國(guo)(guo)在(zai)這(zhe)一(yi)(yi)技術(shu)領域的(de)水平(ping)，滿足我(wo)國(guo)(guo)高(gao)溫(wen)行業(ye)的(de)需求。

    機車，電(dian)(dian)機用電(dian)(dian)纜潛能無限

    雖然中(zhong)國機(ji)車(che)車(che)輛(liang)電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜市場的(de)(de)發展比(bi)較緩慢(man)，但(dan)隨著中(zhong)國城市地(di)鐵(tie)建(jian)設的(de)(de)蓬勃興起(qi)，預計該市場在未來(lai)3～5年(nian)有巨大的(de)(de)發展潛能。近幾年(nian)來(lai)我(wo)國交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)產(chan)量也保持了較快的(de)(de)增(zeng)長(chang)速度。若按年(nian)均增(zeng)長(chang)率8%計算，到2015年(nian)，全國交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)產(chan)量可達(da)34000萬kW左右，變頻電(dian)(dian)纜的(de)(de)需求量可達(da)到3.74萬公里。

    電(dian)纜工業要(yao)得到政策扶持

    業內人士建議，政府(fu)和(he)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)部(bu)門(men)要(yao)從(cong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)工業“做(zuo)大做(zuo)強”的(de)(de)戰(zhan)略發(fa)展(zhan)高度，加大對電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)材(cai)料研發(fa)的(de)(de)投(tou)資和(he)政策扶(fu)持的(de)(de)力度。首(shou)先(xian)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)科技部(bu)門(men)要(yao)結合國家重點項目建設所需特(te)種(zhong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)和(he)特(te)種(zhong)材(cai)料，建立專項資金，組(zu)織制造(zao)廠家和(he)用戶進(jin)行聯(lian)合開(kai)(kai)發(fa)，滿足特(te)種(zhong)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)生產(chan)需要(yao)。其次(ci)是加大特(te)種(zhong)材(cai)料的(de)(de)科技開(kai)(kai)發(fa)力度，由(you)政府(fu)投(tou)資并出面組(zu)織有(you)研發(fa)能力的(de)(de)廠、所、院校組(zu)成(cheng)聯(lian)合課題攻關(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)，并列入科技發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃(hua)，如海底(di)交聯(lian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)軟接頭、超(chao)導(dao)材(cai)料、50萬伏(fu)及以上的(de)(de)超(chao)高壓(ya)交聯(lian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)等項目。如能取得實質性的(de)(de)突(tu)破，不(bu)僅可以填補(bu)國家空白，還可與國外(wai)同類產(chan)品(pin)爭市場。最后要(yao)加速(su)研發(fa)世界尖端產(chan)品(pin)---超(chao)導(dao)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)，目前已由(you)有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)供電(dian)部(bu)門(men)和(he)制造(zao)廠家、贊助商聯(lian)合發(fa)起(qi)組(zu)成(cheng)攻關(guan)(guan)(guan)組(zu)，正在開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)這方(fang)面的(de)(de)研發(fa)工作，國家和(he)政府(fu)應進(jin)一步從(cong)技術(shu)和(he)政策上加大扶(fu)持的(de)(de)力度，組(zu)織有(you)關(guan)(guan)(guan)專家加強指導(dao)和(he)幫助，以加快研發(fa)的(de)(de)進(jin)度。